The conclusion History of the Language Movement

Bānlā bhāṣā āndōlana chila tadānīntana pūrba pākistānē bartamāna bānlādēśa saṅghaṭita ēkaṭi sānskr̥tika ēbaṁ rājanaitika āndōlana. Maulika adhikāra rakṣākalpē bānlā bhāṣākē ghirē sr̥ṣṭa sē āndōlanēra mādhyamē taṯkālīna pākistānēra an'yatama rāṣṭrabhāṣā hisēbē pratiṣṭhāra lakṣyē gaṇa dābīra bahiḥprakāśa ghaṭē. 1952 Sālēra 21 phēbruẏāritē ē āndōlana cūṛānta rūpa dhāraṇa karalē'ō bastuta ēra bīja rapita haẏēchila bahu āgē thēkē'i. An'yadikē ēra pratikriẏā ēbaṁ phalāphala chila sudūraprasāra.1947 Sālē dbijāti tattbēra bhittitē briṭiśa bhārata bhāga haẏē pākistānēra udbhaba haẏēchila. Kintu pākistānēra du'iṭi anśa 1. Pūrba pākistāna ēbaṁ 2. Paścima pākistānēra madhyē sānskr̥tika bhaugōlika ēbaṁ bhāṣāgata dika thēkē anēka maulika pārthakya birāja karachila. 1948 Sālē pākistāna sarakāra ghōṣaṇā karē yē, urdu'i habē pākistānēra ēkamātra rāṣṭrabhāṣā. Ē ghōṣaṇāra prēkṣāpaṭē pūrba pākistānē abasthānakārī bānlābhāṣī sādhāraṇa janagaṇēra madhyē gabhīra kṣōbhēra janma haẏa ō birūpa pratikriẏāra sr̥ṣṭi karē. Kāryata pūrba pākistāna anśēra bānlābhāṣī mānuṣa ākasmika ēbaṁ an'yāẏa sē sid'dhāntakē mēnē nitē pārēnani ēbaṁ mānasikabhābē mōṭē'ō sē samaẏa tārā prastuta chilēna nā. Āra tāra'i phalasbarūpa bānlābhāṣāra sama maryādāra dābitē pūrba pākistānē āndōlana druta dānā bēm̐dhē ōṭhē. Āndōlana damanē puliśa 144 dhārā jāri karē ḍhākā śaharē samābēśa michila ityādi bē'ā'inī ō niṣid'dha ghōṣaṇā karā haẏa.

Rāṣṭrabhāṣā hisēbē bānlāra adhikāra ādāẏē 1952 sālēra 21 phēbruẏāritē ḍhākāẏa āẏōjita michila
1952 sālēra 21 phēbruẏāri bānlāẏa 1358 sāla 8i phālguna sē ādēśa amān'ya karē ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏēra bahu saṅkhyaka chātra ō pragatiśīla kichu rājanaitika karmī milē michila śuru karēchilēna. Āra sē michilaṭi ḍhākā mēḍikyāla kalējēra kāchākāchi calē āsalē'i puliśa 144 dhārā abamānanāra ajuhātē āndōlanakārīdēra ōpara nirmama bhābē gulibarṣaṇa karēna. Sēdina sē saba gulitē nihata hana raphika, sālāma, barakatasaha āra'ō anēkē. Śahīdadēra raktē rājapatha rañjita haẏē ōṭhē. Śōkābaha sē ghaṭanāra abhighātē samagra pūrba pākistānē tībra kṣōbha chaṛiẏē paṛē.Kramabardhamāna gaṇa'āndōlanēra mukhē pākistānēra kēndrīẏa sarakāra śēṣābadhi nati sbīkāra karatē bādhya haẏēchila ēbaṁ 1956 sālē sambidhāna paribartanēra mādhyamē bānlā bhāṣākē pākistānēra an'yatama rāṣṭrabhāṣāra sbīkr̥ti pradāna karēna.

Bhāratīẏa upamahādēśē briṭiśaśāsita añcalagulō 1947 ēbaṁ 1948 sālē sbādhīnatā lābha karē cāraṭi sārbabhauma rāṣṭrē pariṇata haẏa bhārata, bārmā yā bartamāna māẏānamāra nāmē'i paricita ō sinhala yēṭā bartamāna śrīlaṅkā ēbaṁ pākistāna yāra madhyē pūrba pākistāna'ō antarbhukta chila, yā adhunā bānlādēśa nāmē paricita.
Bartamānēra pākistāna ēbaṁ bānlādēśa rāṣṭra duṭi pūrbē briṭiśa śāsanādhīna abibhakta bhāratabarṣēra antarbhukta chila. Ūnabinśa śatakēra mājhāmājhi samaẏa thēkē urdu bhāṣāṭi kichu saṅkhyaka musalima rājanaitika byaktitba ō dharmīẏa nētā syāra khājā salimullāha, syāra saiẏada āhamada khāna, nabāba ōẏākāra-ula-mulaka maulabhī ēbaṁ maulabhī ābadula hakēra cēṣṭāẏa bhāratīẏa musalamānadēra liṅguẏā phrāṅkāẏa unnīta haẏēchila. Urdu ēkaṭi indō-ārya bhāṣā yā indō-irānīẏa bhāṣāgōṣṭhīra sadasya. Sē bhāṣāṭi ābāra indō-i'urōpīẏa bhāṣā-paribārēra antarbhukta. Urdu bhāṣāṭi apabhranśēra madhyayugēra indō-ārya bhāṣā pāli prākr̥tēra sarbaśēṣa bhāṣātāttbika abasthā ōpara phārsi ō ārabi ēbaṁ turkira ghaniṣṭha prabhābē prabhābita haẏē dilli sulatānāta ō mughala sāmrājyēra samaẏē dakṣiṇa ēśiẏāẏa bikaśita haẏa. Ēra pārasika ārabi lipira kāraṇē urdukē bhāratīẏa musalamānadēra isalāmī sanskr̥tira gurutbapūrṇa ēkaṭi anśa hisēbē bibēcanā karā hata yēkhānē hindi ēbaṁ dēbanāgarī lipikē hindudharmēra upādāna bibēcanā karā hata.Urdura byabahāra kramē'i uttara bhāratēra musalamānadēra madhyē janapriẏatā lābha karatē thākē. Kintu bānlāra briṭiśa bhāratēra pūrbāñcalēra ēkaṭi pradēśa musalamānērā bānlā bhāṣākē tādēra pradhāna bhāṣā hisēbē byabahārē'i abhyasta chila. Bānlā pūrbāñcalīẏa madhya indō bhāṣāsamūha thēkē udbhūta ēkaṭi pūrbāñcalīẏa indō ārya bhāṣā yā bānlāra nabajāgaraṇēra samaẏē bipula bikāśa lābha karē. Uniśa śatakēra śēṣabhāga thēkē'i musalima nārī śikṣāra agradūta bēgama rōkēẏā sākhā'ōẏāta hōsēna bānlā bhāṣāẏa sāhitya carcā śuru karēna ēbaṁ ādhunika bhāṣā hisēbē bānlāra bistāra takhana thēkē'i bikaśita haẏa. Bānlā bhāṣāra samarthakarā bhārata bhāgēra pūrbē'i urdura birōdhitā śuru karēna. Yakhana 1937 sālē musalima līgēra lakṣmau adhibēśanē bānlāra sabhyarā urdukē bhāratēra musalimadēra liṅguẏā phrāṅkā manōnaẏanēra prastābaṭi pratyākhyāna karēna. Musalima līga chila briṭiśa bhāratēra ēkaṭi rājanaitika dala yā bhārata bibhājanēra samaẏa pākistānakē ēkaṭi musalima rāṣṭra hisēbē pratiṣṭhāra byāpārē agraṇī bhūmikā pālana karē.

Āndōlanēra sūcanā yēbhābē ghaṭēchila
1947 sālē bhārata bhāgēra para pūrba pākistānēra pūrba bānlā hisēbē'ō paricita bānlābhāṣī 4 kōṭi 40 lakṣa mānuṣa 6 kōṭi 90 lākha janasaṅkhyābiśiṣṭa nabagaṭhita pākistānēra nāgarikē pariṇata haẏa. Kintu pākistāna sarakāra, praśāsana ēbaṁ sāmarika bāhinītē paścima pākistānīdēra saṅkhyāgariṣṭhatā chila. 1947 Sālē karācītē anuṣṭhita jātīẏa śikṣā sam'mēlanēra ēkaṭi gurutbapūrṇa ghōṣaṇāpatrē urdukē pākistānēra ēkamātra rāṣṭrabhāṣā hisēbē byabahārēra supāriśasaha pracāramādhyama ō bidyālaẏē kēbalamātra urdu byabahārēra prastāba karā haẏa. Tāṯkṣaṇikabhābē sē prastābēra birōdhitā ēbaṁ pratibāda jānānō haẏa. Sē samābēśē bānlākē pākistānēra an'yatama rāṣṭrabhāṣā ēbaṁ pūrba pākistānē śikṣāra mādhyama hisēbē byabahārēra prabala dābi ut'thāpana karā haẏa. Kintu pākistāna pābalika sārbhisa kamiśana bānlākē tādēra anumōdita biṣaẏatālikā thēkē bāda dēẏa ō sāthē sāthē mudrā ēbaṁ ḍākaṭikēṭa thēkē'ō bānlā akṣara bilupta karē. Kēndrīẏa śikṣāmantrī phajalura rahamāna mālika urdukē pākistānēra ēkamātra rāṣṭrabhāṣā bānānōra jan'yē byāpaka prastuti grahaṇa karēna.Āra sē kāranē pūrba pākistānē byāpaka kṣōbhēra sr̥ṣṭi haẏa ēbaṁ 1947 sālēra 8i ḍisēmbara ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏa catbarē chātradēra ēkaṭi biśāla samābēśē bānlākē rāṣṭrabhāṣāra maryādādānēra ānuṣṭhānika dābi ut'thāpana karēna. Dābi ādāẏēra lakṣyē chātrarā ḍhākāẏa michila ēbaṁ samābēśēra āẏōjana karēna.Nētr̥sthānīẏa bāṅāli paṇḍitagaṇa urdukē ēkamātra rāṣṭrabhāṣā karāra bipakṣē mata dēna. Pākistānēra kōnō anśē'i urdu sthānīẏa bhāṣā chila nā balē ullēkha karēchēna bhāṣābida muham'mada śahīdullāha. Tini balēna yē āmādēra yadi ēkaṭi dbitīẏa rāṣṭrabhāṣā nirdhāraṇa karāra praẏōjana haẏa tabē āmarā urdura kathā bibēcanā karatē pāri. Sāhityika ābula manasura āhamēda balēchēna yē urdukē yadi rāṣṭrabhāṣā karā haẏa tabē pūrba pākistānēra śikṣita samāja nirakṣara ēbaṁ sakala sarakārī padēra kṣētrē'i anupayukta' haẏē paṛabē. 1947 Sālēra ḍisēmbarēra śēṣēra dikē bānlākē rāṣṭrabhāṣā karāra samarthanē prathama rāṣṭrabhāṣā saṅgrāma pariṣada gaṭhana karā haẏa. Tamadduna majaliśēra adhyāpaka nūrula haka bhūm̐iẏā sē'i kamiṭira āhbāẏaka chilēna. Parabartītē sansada sadasya sāmasula haka āhbāẏaka haẏē natuna kamiṭi gaṭhana karēna ēbaṁ bānlākē rāṣṭrabhāṣā karāra pakṣē kāryakrama āra'ō jōradāra karēna.
Gaṇapariṣadē dhīrēndranātha dattēra rāṣṭrabhāṣāra dābi
1948 sālēra 23śē phēbruẏārī tārikhē pākistāna gaṇapariṣadē inrējī ēbaṁ urddura pāśāpāśi sadasyadēra bānlāẏa baktr̥tā pradāna ēbaṁ sarakāri kājē bānlaṇā bhāṣā byabahārēra jan'ya ēkaṭi sanśōdhanī prastāba ut'thāpana karēna gaṇapariṣada sadasya dhīrēndranātha datta.Inrējītē pradatba baktr̥tāẏa bānlākē adhikānśa jātigōṣṭhīra bhāṣā hisēbē ullēkha karē dhīrēndranātha bānlākē rāṣṭrabhāṣāra maryādā dē'ōẏāra dābi tōlēna. Tāchāṛā'ō sarakāri kāgajē bānlā bhāṣā byabahāra nā karāra sid'dhāntēra pratibāda jānāna tini.Sansada sadasya prēmahari barmana ō bhūpēndra kumāra datta ēbaṁ śrīśacandra caṭṭōpādhyāẏa tām̐ra ē'i prastābakē sbāgata jānāna. Tārā pūrba pākistāna thēkē nirbācita sansada sadasya chilēna ēbaṁ tādēra ē'i samarthanēra mādhyamē mūlata pūrba pākistānēra sbābhābika matāmata'i pratiphalita haẏēchila. Tamijuddina khānēra nētr̥tbē pariṣadēra sakala musalamāna sadasya sabā'i musalima līgēra ēkayōgē ē'i prastābēra birōdhitā karēna. Khājā nājimuddina ē'i prastābēra birōdhitā karē baktr̥tā dēna. Tini balēna yē pūrba bānlāra adhikānśa mānuṣa cāẏa rāṣṭrabhāṣā urdu hōka. Pākistānēra pradhānamantrī liẏākata āli khāna ē'i prastābaṭikē pākistānē bibhēda sr̥ṣṭira apacēṣṭā balē ullēkha karēna. Urdukē lakṣa kōṭi musalamānēra bhāṣā ullēkha karē tini balēna pākistānēra rāṣṭrabhāṣā kēbalamātra urdu'i hatē pārē. Anēka bitarkēra para sanśōdhanīṭi bhōṭē bātila haẏē yāẏa. Sansadīẏa dalēra āpattira kāraṇē anēka bāṅāli musalamāna sadasya dhīrēndranātha datta ut'thāpita sanśōdhanīṭikē samarthana karatē pārēnani.

Prathama pratikriẏā ki chila?
Gaṇapariṣadēra ghaṭanāra prathama pratikriẏā śuru haẏa ḍhākāẏa. 26Śē phēbruẏāri ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏa ḍhākā mēḍikyāla kalēja ō jagannātha biśbabidyālaẏa jabi taṯkālīna jagannātha kalēja chātradēra michila. Udyōgē śaharēra adhikānśa śikṣāpratiṣṭhānēra chātrarā klāsa barjana karēna. 29 Phēbruẏāri tārikhē'ō dharmaghaṭa ghōṣita haẏa ēbaṁ sēdina samagra pūrba pākistānē pratibāda dibasa ēbaṁ dharmaghaṭa pālana karā haẏa. Sarakārēra prarōcanāẏa puliśa michilē lāṭhicārja karē ēmana anēka nētā karmīkē grēphatāra karē. Tamadduna majalisa sēsamaẏē biśēṣa bhūmikā pālana karēna. 2 Mārca ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏēra phajalula haka halē chātra bud'dhijībidēra ēka samābēśa ghaṭē. Sē sabhāẏa dbitīẏabārēra mata rāṣṭrabhāṣā saṅgrāma pariṣada gaṭhana karā haẏa ēbaṁ śāmasula ālama āhbāẏaka nirbācita hana.

Sē pariṣadē an'yān'ya saṅgaṭhanēra du'i jana karē pratinidhi rākhāra byabasthā karā haẏa.Sēkhāna thēkē chātrarā 11i mārca dharmaghaṭa āhbāna karēna ēbaṁ dhīrēndranātha dattakē tām̐ra sāhasī bhūmikāra jan'ya dhan'yabāda jānāna.
11I mārcēra karmasūcī nirdhāraṇēra jan'ya 10i mārca phajalula haka halē ēka sabhā anuṣṭhita haẏa. 11 Mārca bhōrē pūrba parikalpanā anuyāẏī ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏēra bibhinna hala thēkē chātrarā bēra haẏē āsēna. Ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏasaha an'yān'ya śikṣā pratiṣṭhānē pūrṇāṅga dharmaghaṭa pālita haẏa. Sakālē chātradēra ēkaṭi dala ramanā ḍākagharē gēlē tādēra grēphatāra karā haẏa. Chātradēra āra'ō ēkaṭi dala rājanaitika nētādēra sāthē sacibālaẏēra sāmanē nabāba ābadula gaṇi rōḍē pikēṭinẏē anśa nēna. Tārā gaṇapariṣada bhabana bhēṅgē paṛā jagannātha halēra milanāẏatana pradhānamantrīra bāsabhabana bardhamāna hā'usa bartamāna bānlā ēkāḍēmī ēbaṁ hā'ikōrṭa ēbaṁ sacibālaẏēra sāmanē dām̐ṛiẏē aphisa barjanēra jan'yē sabā'ikē cāpa ditē thākēna phalē bibhinna sthānē tādērakē puliśēra lāṭhicārjēra sam'mukhīna hatē haẏa. Ēka paryāẏē bikṣōbhakārīrā khādyamantrī saiẏada mōhām'mada āphajala ēbaṁ śikṣāmantrī ābadula hāmidakē padatyāga patrē sbākṣara karatē bādhya karēna. Sē bikṣōbha damanēra jan'ya sarakāra sēnābāhinī talaba karē. Pūrba pākistānēra jēnārēra aphisāra kamyānḍiṁ brigēḍiẏāra ā'iẏuba khāna parē pākistānēra rāṣṭrapati mējara pīrajādāra adhīnē ēkadala padātika sain'ya niẏōga karēna ēbaṁ sbaẏaṁ gaṇapariṣadē giẏē khājā nājimuddinakē bāburcikhānāra madhya diẏē bēra karē ānēna. Bikēlē tāra pratibādē sabhā anuṣṭhita halē puliśa sabhā paṇḍa karē dēẏa ēbaṁ kaẏēkajanakē grēphatāra karē. Grēphatārakr̥tadēra madhyē chilēna śāmasula haka, śēkha mujibura rahamāna, ali āhāda, śa'ōkata ālī, kājī gōlāma māhabuba, ra'ōśana ālama, raphikula ālama, ābdula latipha tālukadāra, śāh mōḥ nāsiruddīna, nurula isalāma āra'ō anēkē. Sē sabhāẏa sabhāpatitba karēna na'īmuddina āhamada.

Khājā nājimuddinēra sāthē yē cukti haẏa
11 tārikhēra sē ghaṭanāra para 12 thēkē 15i mārca dharmaghaṭa pālana karā haẏa. Āndōlanēra tībratāra mukhē 15i mārca khājā nājimuddina saṅgrāma pariṣadēra nētādēra sāthē baiṭhakē milita halēna. Saṅgrāma pariṣadēra pakṣē ābula kāśēma, kāmaruddīna āhamada, mōhām'mada tōẏāhā, saiẏada najarula isalāma, ābadura rahamāna caudhurī āra'ō anēkē anśagrahaṇa karēchilēna. Ālōcanāsāpēkṣē du'i pakṣēra madhyē'i 8ṭi biṣaẏē samajhōtā cukti sbākṣarita haẏēchila. Chātradēra āndōlanēra mukhē sarakārēra ē namanīẏa ācaraṇēra pradhāna kāraṇa chila 19i mārca jinnāh'ra ḍhākā āgamana. Tāra āsāra pūrbē paristhiti sbābhābika ēbaṁ śānta karāra jan'ya nājimuddina cuktitē rāji haẏēchilēna. Kintu bānlākē rāṣṭrabhāṣāra maryādā dē'ōẏāra dābiṭi takhana paryanta mēnē nēẏā haẏani. Cuktitē āndōlanēra samaẏa grēphatārakr̥ta bandidēra mukti, puliśēra atyācārēra nirapēkṣa tadanta, bānlākē śikṣāra mādhyama ēbaṁ rāṣṭrabhāṣāra maryādā dē'ōẏā, sambādapatrēra ōpara thēkē niṣēdhājñā pratyāhāra ityādi biṣaẏābalī antarbhukta chila.

Muhām'mada ālī jinnāhra ḍhākā sapharē ki haẏēchila
1948 sālēra 21śē mārca muhām'mada ālī jinnāh ḍhākāẏa ēka bhāṣanē ghōṣaṇā karēna yē"urdu'i habē pākistānēra ēkamātra rāṣṭrabhāṣā"1948sālēra 19 śē mārca ḍhākāẏa ēsē paum̐chāna pākistānēra sthapati ō gabharṇara jēnārēla muhām'mada ālī jinnāh. Bhārata bibhāgēra para ēṭā'i chila tāra prathama pūrba pākistāna saphara. 21 Śē mārca rēsakōrsa maẏadānē bartamāna sōhrā'ōẏārdī udyāna ēka gaṇa sambardhanā anuṣṭhānēra āẏōjana karā haẏa ēbaṁ sēkhānē'ō tini bhāṣaṇa dēna. Tāra bhāṣaṇē tini bhāṣā āndōlanakē pākistānēra musalamānadēra madhyē bibhēda sr̥ṣṭira ṣaṛayantra hisēbē ullēkha karēna. Yadi'ō tini balēna pūrbabaṅgēra prādēśika bhāṣā nirdhārita habē pradēśēra adhibāsīdēra bhāṣā anuyāẏī; kintu dbyarthahīna cittē ghōṣaṇā karēna yē"urdu'i habē pākistānēra ēkamātra rāṣṭrabhāṣā an'ya kōnō bhāṣā naẏa".

Tini āra'ō satarka karē diẏē balēna yē"janagaṇēra madhyē yārā ṣaṛayantrakārī raẏēchē tārā pākistānēra śatru ēbaṁ tādēra kakhanō'i kṣamā karā habē nā". Jinnāh'ra ē'i birūpa mantabyē tāṯkṣaṇikabhābē bikṣōbha pradarśana karē upasthita chātra janatāra ēkānśa. Urdu'i habē pākistānēra ēkamātra rāṣṭrabhāṣā ē'i dharaṇēra ēkapēśē uktitē āndōlanakārīrā kṣubdha haẏē ōṭhēna.24 Śē mārca ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏēra kārjana halē giẏē'ō tini ēka'i dharaṇēra baktabya rākhēna. Tini ullēkha karēna ē'i āndōlana saṅkīrṇa dr̥ṣṭibhaṅgīra bahiḥprakāśa ēbaṁ abhiyōga karēna kichu lōka ēra mādhyamē tādēra byaktisbārtha caritārtha karatē cā'ichē. Yakhana tini urdura byāpārē tāra abasthānēra kathā punarullēkha karēna upasthita chātrarā samasbarē nā nā balē ciṯkāra karē ōṭhēna.Ēka'i dinē rāṣṭrabhāṣā saṅgrāma pariṣadēra ēkaṭi pratinidhidala jinnāh'ra sāthē sākṣāṯ karēna ēbaṁ bānlākē rāṣṭrabhāṣā karāra dābi jāniẏē ēkaṭi smārakalipi dēna. Pratinidhi dalē chilēna śāmasula haka ō kāmaruddina āhamada ēbaṁ ābula kāśēma, tāja'uddina āhamada, mōhām'mada tōẏāhā, ājija āhamada, ali āhāda, na'īmuddina āhamada, śāmasula ālama ēbaṁ najarula isalāma. Kintu jinnāh khājā nājimuddinēra sāthē sbākṣarita cuktikē ēkapēśē ēbaṁ cāpēra mukhē sampādita balē pratyākhāna karēna. Anēka tarka bitarka ō aniścaẏatāra madhya diẏē sabhāṭi anuṣṭhita haẏa.

Chātrarā bānlākē rāṣṭrabhāṣā karāra jan'ya jinnāh'ra nikaṭa smārakalipi pēśa karēna. 28 Śē mārca jinnāh ḍhākā tyāga karēna ēbaṁ sēdina sandhyāẏa rēḍi'ōtē dēẏā bhāṣaṇē tāra pūrbēkāra abasthānēra kathā'i punarbyakta karēna. Jinnāh'ra ḍhākā tyāgēra para chātralīga ēbaṁ tamuddana majalisēra ēka sabhā anuṣṭhita haẏa yēkhānē tamuddana majalisēra āhbāẏaka śāmasula ālama tāra dāẏitba mōhām'mada tōẏāhāra kāchē hastāntara karēna. Parabartītē tamuddana majalisa āndōlana byarthatāẏa paryabasita habāra jan'ya kami'unisṭadēra dāẏī karēna ēkaṭi bibr̥ti pradāna karēna ēbaṁ parē tārā āstē āstē āndōlanēra patha thēkē sarē āsēna.
Liẏākata āli khānēra ḍhākā saphara
1948 sālēra 18i nabhēmbara pākistānēra prathama pradhānamantrī liẏākata āli khāna pūrba pākistāna sapharē āsēna. 27Śē nabhēmbara ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏēra khēlāra māṭhē tini ēka chātrasabhāẏa bhāṣaṇa dēna. Sē'i sabhāẏa ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏa kēndrīẏa chātra i'uniẏanēra tarapha thēkē pradatta mānapatrē bānlā bhāṣāra dābi punarāẏa ut'thāpana karā haẏa. Kintu tini kōnōrūpa mantabya karalēna nā. 17I nabhēmbara ātā'ura rahamāna khānēra sabhāpatitbē anuṣṭhita rāṣṭrabhāṣā karmapariṣadēra ēka sabhāẏa ājija āhamada, ābula kāśēma, śēkha mujibura rahamāna, kāmaruddīna āhamada, ābadula mānnāna, tāja'uddina āhamada ēkaṭi smārakalipi praṇaẏana karēna ēbaṁ sēṭi pradhānamantrī liẏākata āli khānēra kāchē pāṭhānō haẏa. Pradhānamantrī sēkṣētrē'ō kōnō sāṛā dēnani.
Tāra kichudina para'i pūrba bānlā sarakārēra pakṣa thēkē bhāṣā samasyāra byāpārē ēkaṭi bistārita byākhyā jānatē mā'ōlānā ākarāma khānēra nētr̥tbē pūrba bānlā bhāṣā kamiṭi gaṭhanakarā haẏa ēbaṁ ē'i biṣaẏaṭi niẏē ēkaṭi pratibēdana tairi karatē balā haẏa. 1950 Sālēra 6i ḍisēmbara tārikhēra madhyē kamiṭi tādēra pratibēdana tairi karēna tabē sēṭi 1958 sālēra āgē prakāśa karā haẏani. Sēkhānē bhāṣā samasyāra samādhānēra lakṣyē sarakārēra pakṣa thēkē ēkaṭi kāryakara byabasthāra prastāba karā haẏa yēkhānē tārā bānlākē ārabi akṣarēra mādhyamē lēkhāra supāriśa karēchilēna.

1952 Sālēra 4 phēbruẏārī na'ōẏābapura jagannātha biśbabidyālaẏēra (jabi) (taṯkālīna jagannātha kalēja) chātradēra michila.
1952Sālē bhāṣā āndōlanēra punarjāgaraṇa
bhāṣā āndōlanēra matō ābēgika biṣaẏēra punarāẏa jōrālō habāra pēchanē 1952 sālēra 27śē jānuẏāri khājā nājimuddinēra bhāṣaṇa pradhāna niẏāmaka hisēbē kāja karē. Taṯkālīna pradhānamantrī padē āsīna khājā nājimuddina 25 jānuẏāri ḍhākāẏa āsēna ēbaṁ 27śē jānuẏāri palṭana maẏadānēra ēka janasabhāẏa dīrgha bhāṣaṇa dēna. Tini mūlata jinnāh'ra kathāra'i punarukti karē balēna pākistānēra rāṣṭrabhāṣā habē urdu. Rēḍi'ōtē sarāsari sampracārita tāra bhāṣaṇē tini ārō ullēkha karēna yē kōnō jāti du'iṭi rāṣṭrabhāṣā niẏē samr̥d'dhira pathē ēgiẏē yētē pārēni.Nājimuddinēra baktr̥tāra pratibādē rāṣṭrabhāṣā saṅgrāma pariṣada 29śē jānuẏāri pratibāda sabhā ēbaṁ 30 jānuẏāri ḍhākāẏa chātra dharmaghaṭa pālana karēna. Sēdina chātrasaha nētr̥br̥nda ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏēra āmatalāẏa samabēta haẏē 4i phēbruẏāri dharmaghaṭa ēbaṁ pratibāda sabhā ō 21śē phēbruẏāri pradēśabyāpī haratāla pālanēra sid'dhānta nē'ōẏā haẏa. Parē tārā tādēra michila niẏē bardhamāna hā'usēra bartamāna bānlā ēkāḍēmī dikē agrasara haẏa. Ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏēra bāra lā'ibrēri halē anuṣṭhita sabhāẏa mā'ōlānā bhāsānīra nētr̥tbē 40 sadasyēra sarbadalīẏa kēndrīẏa rāṣṭrabhāṣā karmī pariṣada gaṭhita haẏa.Sē sabhāẏa ārabi lipitē bānlā lēkhāra sarakāri prastābēra tībra birōdhitā karā haẏa ēbaṁ 30 jānuẏārira sabhāẏa gr̥hīta dharmaghaṭa pālanēra sid'dhāntakē samarthana dē'ōẏā haẏa. Pariṣada 21 phēbruẏāri haratāla, samābēśa ō michilēra bistārita karmaparikalpanā grahaṇa karē.Pūrba sid'dhānta anuyāẏī 4 phēbruẏāri ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏa ēbaṁ an'yān'ya śikṣā pratiṣṭhānēra chātrarā ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏa prāṅganē ēsē samabēta haẏa. Samābēśa thēkē ārabi lipitē bānlā lēkhāra prastābēra pratibāda ēbaṁ bānlākē rāṣṭrabhāṣā hisēbē grahaṇēra dābi jānānō haẏa. Chātrarā tādēra samābēśa śēṣē ēka biśāla bikṣōbha michila bēra karē.
20 Phēbruẏāri sarakāra sthānīẏa praśāsanēra mādhyamē 21 phēbruẏāri thēkē ḍhākāẏa ēka māsēra jan'ya sabhā samābēśa ō michila niṣid'dha karēna 144 dhārā jāri karēna. Ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏēra chātrarā bibhinna halē sabhā karē 144 dhārā bhaṅgēra sid'dhānta nēẏa. 20 Phēbruẏāri rātē 94 nabābapura rōḍastha ā'ōẏāmī musalima līgēra kēndrīẏa kāryālaẏē ābula hāśimēra sabhāpatitbē sarbadalīẏa rāṣṭrabhāṣā karmī pariṣadēra sabhā anuṣṭhita haẏa. Pariṣadēra kichu sadasya niṣēdhājñā amān'ya karāra pakṣē thākalē'ō sabaśēṣē 11-3 bhōṭē 144 dhārā bhaṅga nā karāra sid'dhānta nē'ōẏā haẏa. 20Śē phēbruẏāri rātē ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏēra bibhinna halē ēka'i biṣaẏa niẏē pr̥thaka pr̥thaka sabhā anuṣṭhita haẏa. Sandhyāẏa salimullāha halē phakira śāhābuddīnēra sabhāpatitbē 144 dhārā bhaṅgēra sid'dhānta nē'ōẏā haẏa. Phajalula haka musalima halē anuṣṭhita sabhāẏa nētr̥tba dēna ābadula mōmina. Śāhābuddina āhamadēra prastāba anuyāẏī rāṣṭrabhāṣā saṅgrāma pariṣadakē ē'i sid'dhāntaṭi jāniẏē dē'ōẏāra dāẏitba nēna ābadula mōmina ēbaṁ śāmasula ālama.

21Śē phēbruẏāri 1952 144 dhārā bhaṅgēra praśnē purātana kalābhabana prāṅgaṇē āmatalāẏa aitihāsika chātrasabhā.
Pūrba nirdhārita karmasūcī anuyāẏī sē dina sakāla 9ṭā thēkē bibhinna śikṣā pratiṣṭhānēra chātrarā ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏa prāṅganē ēsē jaṛō hana. Tārā 144 dhārā jārira bipakṣē slōgāna ditē thākēna ēbaṁ pūrba baṅga ā'ina pariṣadēra sadasyadēra bhāṣā samparkē sādhāraṇa janagaṇēra matāmatakē bibēcanā karāra āhbāna jānātē thākēna. Puliśa astra hātē sabhāsthalēra cāradika ghirē rākhē. Bibhinna anuṣadēra ḍīna ēbaṁ biśbabidyālaẏēra upācārya sēsamaẏa upasthita chilēna. Bēlā sōẏā ēgāraṭāra dikē chātrarā gēṭē jaṛō haẏē pratibandhakatā bhēṅē rāstāẏa nāmāra prastuti nilē puliśa kām̐dānē gyāsa nikṣēpa karē chātradēra satarka karē dēẏa. Kichu chātra sēsamaẏē ḍhākā mēḍikyāla kalējēra dikē daum̐ṛē calē gēlē'ō bāda bākirā ḍhākā biśbabidyālaẏa prāṅganē puliśa dbārā abarud'dha haẏē paṛēna ēbaṁ puliśēra āgrāsanēra birud'dhē bikṣōbha pradarśana karatē thākēna. Upācārya takhana puliśakē kām̐dānē gyāsa nikṣēpa bandha karatē anurōdha jānāna ēbaṁ chātradēra biśbabidyālaẏa ēlākā tyāgēra nirdēśa dēna. Kintu chātrarā kyāmpāsa tyāga karāra samaẏa kaẏēkajanakē 144 dhārā bhaṅgēra abhiyōgē puliśa grēphatāra śuru karalē sahinsatā chaṛiẏē paṛē. Anēka chātrakē grēphatāra karē tējagām̐ō niẏē giẏē chēṛē dē'ōẏā haẏa. Sē ghaṭanāẏa chātrarā āra'ō kṣubdha haẏē punarāẏa tādēra bikṣōbha śuru karēna.
1952Sālēra 21śē phēbruẏāri purātana kalābhabana prāṅgaṇa 144 dhārā bhaṅgēra prākkālē.
Bēlā 2ṭāra dikē ā'ina pariṣadēra sadasyarā ā'inasabhāẏa yōga ditē ēlē chātrarā tādēra bām̐dhā dēna. Kintu paristhitira nāṭakīẏa paribartana ghaṭē yakhana kichu chātra sid'dhānta nēna tārā ā'inasabhāẏa giẏē tādēra dābi ut'thāpana karabēna. Chātrarā sē uddēśyē ā'inasabhāra dikē ra'ōnā karalē bēlā 3ṭāra dikē puliśa daum̐ṛē ēsē chātrābāsē gulibarṣaṇa śuru karē. Puliśēra gulibarṣaṇē ābdula jabbāra ēbaṁ raphika uddina āhamēda ghaṭanāsthalē'i nihata hana. Tāchāṛā'ō ābdusa sālāma, ābula barakatasaha āra'ō anēkē sēsamaẏa nihata hana. Sēdina ahi'ullāha nāmēra ē

Bengali language movement in East Pakistan, now Bangladesh took place in a cultural and political movement. Protecting the fundamental rights of the Bengali language movement caused by surrounding the establishment of Pakistan as one of the state reflected the people's demands. The movement became final on 1 February, 195 in fact, long before the seeds were rapita. On the other hand, and was the result of the reaction of the British India was divided on the basis of two-nation theory suduraprasara in 1947 was the emergence of Pakistan. But the two parts 1. East Pakistan and II. In the cultural, geographical and linguistic from West Pakistan, there was a fundamental difference. In 1948, the government of Pakistan declared that Urdu would be the state of Pakistan. The announcement of the Bengali-speaking East Pakistan in the context of the deep anger of the masses and the adverse reaction. Practically speaking people of East Pakistan, parts of the decision that he could not accept the sudden and unjustified and mentally all the time, they were not prepared. And as a consequence, the demand for Bangla equal dignity of movement in East Pakistan flared up again. Section 144 imposed in Dhaka city police to suppress the movement of illegal assembly and procession were banned.
As the rights of the 195 rally in Dhaka on February 1195 on 1 February 1358 in Bengal since the 8th of February, he disobeys a large number of university students and progressive political activists started the procession. And he's really close to the procession of Dhaka Medical College police brutally opened fire on protesters at 144 contempt plea. On that day he was shot dead by Rafiq, Salam, barakatasaha others. Stained with the blood of the martyrs became the highway. The impact was that the outrage over the whole of East Pakistan tragedy parekramabardhamana face of mass upsurge of Pakistan's central government was finally forced to surrender through a constitutional change in 1956 was granted official status to the Bengali language of Pakistan.
British regions of the Indian subcontinent gained independence in 1947 and four in 1948, became a sovereign state in India, Burma and Ceylon, which is now known as Myanmar, which was included in the current Sri Lanka and Pakistan, in which East Pakistan, which is now known as Bangladesh.The present state of the British rule in Pakistan and Bangladesh were part of undivided India. From the middle of the nineteenth century, some Muslim political and religious leaders and the Urdu language salimullah Sir, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Nawab Waqar-ul-Mulk and Maulvi Maulvi Abdul Haq was promoted to the lingua franca of Indian Muslims. Urdu is an Indo-Aryan language of the Indo-Iranian branch members. The language is also included in the Indo-European language family. Indo-Aryan language Pali Prakrit corruption of the Urdu language of the medieval Persian and Arabic and Turkish on the linguistic status of the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire's influence in South Asia are developed at. Persian Islamic culture for Indian Muslims of Arabic script, the language was considered a vital part of the Hindi and the Devanagari lipike hataurdura consider using elements of Hinduism in northern India gradually began to gain popularity among Muslims. But the Muslims of Bengal, a province in the eastern part of the British Indian Bengali primarily used as their main language. Middle Eastern Languages ​​Bengali Indo arising from an eastern Indo-Aryan language, which developed during the Renaissance. Since the end of the nineteenth century pioneer in the education of Muslim women roquiah EC Bengali language and literature began to study the spread of modern languages ​​developed since then. Supporters of Bengali opposed Urdu began even before the partition of India. In 1937, the Lucknow session of the Muslim League in Bengal Urdu delegation had rejected the lingua franca of Indian Muslims. The Muslim League was a political party in British India during the partition of India and Pakistan, which played a pioneering role with regard to the establishment of a Muslim state.
As the movementAfter the partition of India in East Pakistan in 1947, known as the East Bengali speaking population of 4 million to 40 million people, 6 million to 90 million new citizens into Pakistan. But the Pakistani government, the administration and the military was dominated by West Pakistanis. In 1947, the National Education Conference held in Karachi, Pakistan is an important declaration of Urdu as the only state media and the recommendation for the use of schools are offering only Urdu. The proposal was immediately opposed and protested. The rally Bengal state of Pakistan and East Pakistan as a medium of education is a strong demand. But the Pakistan Public Service Commission removed from the index of Bengal and with their loved one currency and abolished stamp from the Bengali characters. Central Education Fazlur Rahman Malik, Pakistan's Urdu the only state to make extensive preparations for that reason karenaara widespread outrage in East Pakistan was created on December 8, 1947, and a large gathering of students of Dhaka University premises Bengal state maryadadanera formal demands. The students organized rallies and processions in Dhaka to demand karenanetrsthaniya Urdu, Bengali scholars opined against the state. Pakistan Urdu, the local language was not mentioned in any part of Shahidullah linguist. He said that we are required to determine if a second state language, but we can consider Urdu. Writer Abul Mansur Ahmed said if Urdu is the national language of the educated society of East Pakistan are illiterate and inappropriate in all public posts "will be. At the end of December 1947 Bengal state was formed with the support of the State Council. Tamaddun Majlis Professor Nurul Huq Bhuiyan was the convenor. MP Shamsul Haq, convener of the new committee and the state of Bengal was further strengthened.Dutt said the state assembly DhirendranathOn 3 February 1948, in English and Urdu, as well as members of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan in Bengal speech and language for official purposes banlana lawmaker introduced a proposed amendment provided Dhirendranath dattainrejite speech Bangla as the language of the majority ethnic group refers to Dhirendranath demanded Bengal state. Nor official papers protested against the use of Bengali language and Bhupendra Kumar Datta Barman premahari tinisansada member and Shrishchandra Chatterjee said he welcomed the proposal. East Pakistan was a member of parliament, and their support for the East was reflected in the opinion. Muslim Khan, a member of the leadership council of the Muslim League tamijuddina at all opposed to this proposal. Sir Khawaja spoke opposed the proposal. He said that most of the people of East Bengal Urdu would be the state. Pakistan's Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan said Pakistan's attempt to create division. Millions of Muslims in Pakistan's Urdu language, he said, the state could only be Urdu. After much debate, the amendment was rejected votes. The Muslim member of the parliamentary delegation due to objections raised Dhirendranath Dutta could not support the amendment.
What was the reaction?Assembly starts at the first reaction. February 6 jabi University of Dhaka Medical College and university students marched to the Jagannath College. Most educational institutions in the city was organized by the students boycotted classes. The strike was announced on February 9 and the whole of East Pakistan and the strike was a protest day. Police baton-charged demonstrators instigated by the government, which has arrested many leaders. At that time played an important role in meeting Tamaddun. Fazlul Huq Hall of Dhaka University students March rally was one of the intellectuals. The second meeting of the State Council was formed, and was elected leader Shamsul Alam.
Two representatives of the Council and other organizations to make arrangements for students to hayasekhana March 11 strike and Dhirendranath Dutt thanked for his courageous role.March 11, March 10, Fazlul Huq program to determine if a meeting is held. As planned, the morning of March 11, the university students came out of the hall. Complete strike was observed in Dhaka University and other educational institutions. Ramna post office in the morning when a group of students were arrested. A group of students in front of the Secretariat in connection with political leaders, Nawab Abdul Ghani Road, participated piketinye. The collapse of the Constituent Assembly, the Prime Minister's residence Burdhaman House of Jagannath Hall Auditorium of the Bengali Academy and stood in front of the High Court and the Secretariat office to the exclusion of all the different places pressure on them to face baton charge by police. At one point, the protesters and the education minister Syed Mohammad Afzal Abdul Hamid was forced to sign resignation. The government summoned the army to quell the protests. Genres brigadier commanding officer of East Pakistan, Ayub Khan, Pakistan's president after a group of soldiers under Major Peerzada auto assembly appointed and brought out through the Khwaja Nazimuddin baburcikhanara. He held a protest meeting in the afternoon spoiled by the police and arrested some of them. Shamsul Haq was among those arrested, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Oli Ahad, Shawkat Ali, Kazi Golam Mahbub, Raushan Alam, Rafiqul Alam, Abdul Latif Talukder Mohammad Nasiruddin Shah, Nurul Islam, and many more. He naimuddina Ahmed presided over the meeting.
Khawaja Nazimuddin agreement with11 dated 15th March 1 strike since he is. Sir Khawaja struggle in the face of the severity of the March 15 meeting of the Council met with the leaders. Abul Kasem struggle on behalf of the Council, kamaruddina Ahmad, Mohammad Toha, Syed Nazrul Islam, Abdur Rahman Chowdhury and others took part. Negotiable between the two parties was signed on 8 agreement. The main reason for the government's flexible attitude in the face of the student movement was coming to Dhaka on 19 March jinnahra. Before he came to her and to calm the situation and agreed Nizamuddin agreement. But Bengal state when the claim has not been accepted so far. Agreement on the release of prisoners arrested during the protests, police repression and impartial investigation, given the state of Bengal and the medium of instruction, etc. were included in the ban on the newspaper.
What happened to Muhammad Ali Jinnah's visit to DhakaMuhammad Ali Jinnah on 1 March 1948, a speech declared that "Urdu would be the state" on 19 March 1948, the architect and the Governor-General of Pakistan Muhammad Ali Jinnah arrived. This was his first visit to Pakistan after the partition of India in the east. Suhrawardy Udyan racecourse on March 1 of the current public reception, and there he delivered a speech. In his speech he referred to as the language of the movement to create rift among the Muslims of Pakistan. However, he said the language of the province of East Bengal will be determined by the inhabitants of the province; But clearly declared that "Urdu is a language of the state of Pakistan."